Wireless Networking Concepts for Horn Antenna- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theWireless Networking Concepts for Horn Antenna. Answer: This antenna consists of the flared metal waveguide that is formed similar to a horn to the direct radio waves in the ray. The horn is utilized as the antennas at the UHF as well as the microwave frequencies, which is above 300 MHZ (Bernardos, De La Oliva, Serrano, Banchs, Contreras, Jin Ziga, 2014). Additionally, this antenna are used for the feed antennas particularly for the larger structure of the antenna such as the parabolic antennas. Strengths The strength of horn antenna is the fact they cannot have resonant components, therefore they are able to use over an array of the frequencies. Additionally, there is the gain of the ranges up to 25 dBi, with the 10-20 dBi that is typical (Betz, 2013). There is also the advantage of the moderate directivity which is gain, a low SWR, as well as the presence of broad bandwidth. Weakness The weakness is that it has a high efficiency of over ninety percent. They are exhibit the large size at a lower frequency. Another disadvantage is the higher cost (Betz, 2013). There is a higher ground which is needed to achieve the good performance. Yagi This is a directional antenna which comprises of the numerous parallel components in a line that is half wave dipoles which are made from the metal rods. They include single driven component which are linked to the transmitter and even the transmission line. This antenna is popular as the high gain antennas on the HF, VHF along with the UHF bands Strengths and weaknesses Strengths They put a high gain to the omnidirectional antennas. This is because they have a beam width that are fifty to seventy degrees making them to receive a lower strength signals. Their high gains gives these antennas relative range (Betz, 2013). They have most gain for their physical size compared to the others. They are simpler than the log periodic antennas and they cost less as comparable to others. Weaknesses They have a limited frequency range. They experience a degradation to their electric features as one moves away from the frequency range. Cellular antenna These antenna are used in the conjunction with the signal boosters that are powered for example the inline amplifier or repeater that are connected to the cell phone or the device that have a cell phone adapter cable (Betz, 2013). Strengths and weakness Strengths They have an increased number of the users because of the nature of the frequencies that are reused thus allowing the increased number of the users. They have an increased range. As the antenna focus on the communicating devices the range of the operation increases consequently. Weaknesses They are very expensive since they are complex in utilizing of the current in processing technology which is more expensive than the traditional antennas. There is issue of location. There is need to consider on the location for the purpose of optimal operation. Based on the different merits presented above I think the antenna which will end up the prominent player later on of the medium as well as long distance wireless link is cellular antenna. The reason is that they have reduced interferences and there is increased bandwidth as comparison to the others. Moreover they have an increased range. Compare and contrast the multiplexing techniques CDMA and FDMA in the area of wireless networking? FDMA regards to the technique of diving a single channel or maybe the bandwidth into the several personalized bands, each suitable for use by one particular user (Betz, 2013). Every one of the personal band or even the channel are wide enough to have the ability to accommodate the signal spectra to ensure that the transmission to be propagated. CDMA: This is another pure digital technique. It is normally used in the spreading of the spectrum since it has the ability of taking the digitized type of the analog signal and spread it out over a considerably broader bandwidth utilizing a reduced power level (Rumsey, 2014). The following are similarity between CDMA and FDMA In both of these two method uses multiple access technology. These technique enable the users to access a single channels through the use of the system resource allocation such as on a given mobile user thus enabling the user to be able to establish the communication with the network (Rumsey, 2014). This happens because the spectrum has been limited therefore sharing becomes necessary to help improve the overall capacity of the geographical location. Differences In CDMA every narrowband signal is multiplied by what we refers to as the wideband spreading signal that is known to the code word whereas in the FDMA the bandwidth of the channel is relatively narrow (30KHZ), which is known as the narrowband system. Another difference is that in FDMA the provided bandwidth is put into a set quantity of the frequencies horizontally and just one frequency is allocated to a person user whereas with regards CDMA the bandwidth is not split into anything (Betz, 2013). The data could be sent to any specific frequency at any time and by any of the users. In the CDMA there is no fixed number of the users as in the case of FDMA technology (Betz, 2013). It is also important to note that the FDMA it is the analog technology and is the oldest whereas in the CDMA uses the 3G technology and is the current technology which is being used today. References Bernardos, C. J., De La Oliva, A., Serrano, P., Banchs, A., Contreras, L. M., Jin, H., Ziga, J. C. (2014). An architecture for software defined wireless networking. IEEE wireless communications, 21(3), 52-61. Betz, J. W. (2013). Signal structures for satellite-based navigation: past, present, and future. Inside GNSS, 8, 34-42. Gross, F. (2015). Smart antennas with matlab: principles and applications in wireless communication. McGraw-Hill Professional. Rumsey, V. H. (2014). Frequency independent antennas. Academic Press.

Strategic Enterprise Resource Planning in a Health-Care System

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Enterprise Resource Planning in a Health-Care System Using a Multicriteria Decision-Making Model. Answer: With the advent of technology, management teams are often tasked with the need to make tough decisions. Decision making with regard to the management of operations within the organization, therefore, calls for the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). To realize great benefits for a health care organization, the implementation of ERP systems is inevitable. However, this will take a considerable amount of time, a significant amount of financial resources, and labor as well. All these will be used on a regular basis. Nevertheless, the benefits of ERP still outweighs the initial cost incurred during the process of implementation as well as the recurrent expenditures incurred. With the implementation of ERP systems in health care, collaboration is improved. This is because ERP systems enable the sharing of and editing of data, improving access and high-level security. With ERP there is no need for information merging across various systems. (Won Lee, Kwak, 2009). Data is gathered and saved for ease of sharing, and easy access when needed, whenever needed. Another important aspect that arises from the use of ERP is better analytics. With ERP system as part of eHealth system, a health organization is sure to experience a faster and much easier way of generating required reports. A variety of reports are always required and this may range from reports that are based on metrics to income and expense statements (Won Lee, Kwak, 2009) Making better decisions depends on the ability to have up-to-date reports whenever they are needed. The need to over rely on the organizations IT staff will be done away with. There is also the aspect of improved productivity with the use of ERP. Enterprise Resource Planning is essential in reducing operations redundancy. The time consumed in finishing repetitive manual operations is effectively done away with upon the implementation of ERP. Productivity, efficiency, profitability and customer satisfaction are all achieved through the use of a system that takes into account such elements as time management, data storage and access among others and this is why ERP should be implemented in building a functional health care system (Shen, Chen Wang, 2016) Since service-oriented software engineering tools are less concerned with the aspect of modularizing an application, it is important that the component of service-oriented architecture are maintained separately and deployed separately. This makes it possible for the software component to be able to communicate over a network (Won Lee, Kwak, 2009) Cooperation over an IP network, therefore, becomes much easier for service oriented engineering software components with an eHealth system. Finally, one reason why ERPs fail to achieve the goals and objectives for which they installed arises from the fact that organizations do not really abandon their old working practices that on many occasions are not compatible with the ERP system. Letting go soft wares that worked well in the past is not always easy. Nevertheless, change inevitable. And it is also essential to avoid the temptation to split ERP implementation projects into numerous smaller projects. References Shen, Y. C., Chen, P. S., Wang, C. H. (2016). A study of enterprise resource planning (ERP) system performance measurement using the quantitative balanced scorecard approach. Computers in Industry, 75, 127-139. Won Lee, C., Kwak, N. (2009). Strategic Enterprise Resource Planning in a Health-Care System Using a Multicriteria Decision-Making Model. Business Media, 10.

June English Regents Sample Essay

June English Regents Sample EssayThe June English Regents Sample Essay is written in part on the material covered in the Regents. This essay will help you prepare for the GRE, SAT or other test that may be taking place soon.The essay is divided into parts with sections labeled for each of the four tests, which are taken by aspiring students. You will be given a few minutes to make one argument and one conclusion based on your argument. It is recommended that you use your best English in your essay. By following the sample essay, you can confidently prepare for all four English tests.You will find the June English Regents Sample Essay at the link below. You will need to create an account in order to download the workbook and the essays are also available through email and download options.The format used for this essay is to present what are the principles behind learning the English language. The writer puts forth his/her arguments in these essays. You will find that each paragraph i s intended to provide a link to a relevant Internet resource. If you would like to save some time, you can click on the links provided and you will be provided with additional information on each part of the essay.A person who has never taken any form of English study is going to have a difficult time writing an essay with these resources. What you should do is go through the essay and think about how you can apply the ideas found in the essay.Most of the writers from colleges and universities do not utilize the Internet in order to generate a quality research paper. They are only concerned with the content of the essay and they do not bother about the layout or the organization of the content.You will find that the June English Regents Sample Essay is very helpful for you in finding out how to find an English grammar and usage guide and when it is time to go to the library to get your copy of the book. You can obtain these tools from the site below.

Torture, Should It Be Allowed or Not free essay sample

According to Human Rights Watch in the following countries: China, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Malaysia, Morocco, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Syria, Turkey, Uganda, and Uzbekistan have documented the use of torture in two thousand and four and two thousand and five. In a recent poll Fifty Three percent of Americans believe that all torture should be abolished, with thirty one percent of those polled believing it should be allowed but with limits, and seven percent of those polled believing it should be allowed without limits. In a world full of lies and vulgarity, where people are capable of things so inhuman, torturing should not be allowed. Torture is often used to punish, to obtain information or a confession, to take revenge on a person or persons or create terror and fear within a population. Some of the most common methods of physical torture include beating, electric shocks, stretching, submersion, suffocation, burns, rape and sexual assault. We will write a custom essay sample on Torture, Should It Be Allowed or Not or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Psychological forms of torture and ill-treatment, which very often have the most long-lasting consequences for victims, commonly include: isolation, threats, humiliation, mock executions, mock amputations, and witnessing the torture of others. The use Lopez 2 of torture is dishonorable. It corrupts and degrades the state which uses it and the legal system which accepts it (Hoffman). Some societies have used torture to suppress independent thought and convert people to right-thinking. The individual is tortured until they abandon their own views and beliefs and adopt those of the torturers. The victim ceases to be an end in themselves but becomes just another means to support the regime of the torturer. Many people believe that it should not be legal for regular purposes, such as investigating domestic crimes, but for international security and our protection from extremists, they also believe that there are times when it will be necessary to act in otherwise distasteful ways. Many think it could be the only way we have to obtain information, because we all â€Å"know† that if we were in some other country, they would do it to us also. They believe that there are some cases between life and death, and continuing or ending a war, that choosing torture or no torture would dictate. However, this argument is invalid because anyone being tortured can lie about what they are stating in order to stop the torture from continuing. Torture is an ineffective interrogation tool because it may produce false information since under torture a prisoner will eventually say anything to stop the pain regardless of whether it is true. In which case, because of this the interrogator can never be sure that they are getting the truth and will never know when to stop. Any form of torture or cruel and unusual punishment should never be legal, in any situation. It is no one’s given right to purposely neither physically nor emotionally hurt another being. For one, a suspect is just that: a suspect. A suspect is a person thought to be guilty of a crime or offense, but without certain exact proof. For all the authorities know, the person being subjected to torture and abuse could very well be innocent. Humans are not infallible and Lopez 3 somewhere down the line, innocent people will be physically and mentally abused, and possibly permanently injured or killed (Thomas). Even people who have been proved to be guilty of a crime should not be tortured, as it goes against all morals and human rights. When an abuser tortures someone, the abuser becomes a criminal themselves. Even when people call it enhanced interrogation, this is just the politically correct term for torture (Kirk). Even if torture was legal, it has been proven that torture is very ineffective in producing information, and often results in suspects making false statements in order to stop their torture. It is easy to say that torture should be allowed when people remain ignorant and unexposed to the subject and how it works. Torture is no joke and is extremely brutal, for many people it remains adhered in their minds forever. For example, in the case of Abu Omar, he was, as he describes, spreading his arms in a crucifixion position, he was tied to a metal door as shocks were administered to his nipples and genitals. His legs still tremble as he describes how he was twice raped. He mentions, almost casually, the hearing loss in his left ear from the beatings, and how he still wakes up at night screaming, takes tranquilizers, finds it hard to concentrate, and has unspecified problems with his wife at home. He is, in short, a broken man (Bergen). Omar was an innocent man, though to be involved in terrorism, sent from the United States of America into Egypt to get tortured, since it would be â€Å"illegal† to do it in the US. In the fall of 2003, Abu Omar was taken to another prison; it was here that he was crucified and raped by the guards. After seven more months of torture, a Cairo court found there was no evidence that Abu Omar was involved in terrorism and ordered him freed. He was told not to contact anyone in Italy—including his wife—and not to speak to the press or human rights groups. Lopez 4 Above all, he was not to tell anyone what had happened. Like Omar, there are many more out there living with this penalty that they don’t deserve. â€Å"I believe strongly that torture is not moral, legal or effective. † Guantanamo is â€Å"a damaging symbol to the world†¦ a rallying cry for terrorist recruitment and harmful to our national security, so closing it is important for our national security. † Admiral Dennis Blair, from the Witness against torture committee stated when asked about the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, a detainment and interrogation facility of the United States military located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba. These committees exist in order to protect the rights of all of the innocent people like Abu Omar and exist within the United States with plenty of supporters all around. Ultimately, I believe torture should not be legal. Torture is a notoriously ineffective method of eliciting valid information, and the use of torture demeans the torturer even more than it punishes the victim of that abuse. Endorsing the use of torture by the State only gives it the stamp of validity and makes it more likely that innocents will suffer the infliction of torture including those we seek to protect through its implementation (Berkowitz). It dehumanizes people by treating them as pawns to be manipulated through their pain, it treats the victim as a thing, not as a person with all the value that we associate with persons, and it violates the rights and human dignity of the victim, including the legal right to remain silent when questioned. Torture is an inhuman and ineffective means of gaining information. Lopez 5 Works cited Berkowitz, Roger. Why We Must Judge. Democracy. Fall 2010: 56. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Bergen, Peter. The Body Snatchers. Mother Jones Vol. 33, No. 2. Mar/Apr 2008: 58-61. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 23 May 2013. Kirk, Robin. The Body in Pain. Sojourners. Jul 2011: 22. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013 McCarthy, Andrew C. Torture: Thinking About the Unthinkable. Commentary. July/Aug. 2004: 17. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Sands, Philippe. The Green Light. Vanity Fair No. 573. May 2008: 218+. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013. Thomas, Dorothy Q. , and others. Bringing Human Rights Home: Into the Bright Sunshine. American Prospect Vol. 15, No. 10. Oct. 2004: A1+. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Apr 2013.

Early Indochina Essay Example

Early Indochina Essay Example Early Indochina Essay Early Indochina Essay 1. ) Why did the political chaos of the Period of the Warring States give rise to philosophies such as Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism? Compare and contrast these philosophies and explain which would be the most effective in ruling a large, complex society such as China. The doctrine of Legalism that guided the Qin dynasty, the first unified dynasty after the Warring States period, emphasized strict adherence to a legal code and the absolute power of the emperor. This philosophy, while effective for expanding the empire in a military fashion, proved unworkable for governing it in peacetime. The Qin Emperor presided over the brutal silencing of political opposition, including the event known as the burning of books and the burying of scholars. The Han dynasty followed after only 12 years, and was the first dynasty to embrace the philosophy of Confucianism, which became the ideological underpinning of all regimes until the end of imperial China. Under the Han Dynasty, China made great advances in many areas of the arts and sciences. Emperor Wu consolidated and extended the Chinese empire by pushing back the Xiongnu, enabling the first opening of trading connections between China and the West, along the Silk Road. The Daoist thought developed in response to the turbulence of the late Zhou dynasty and the Period of the Warring States, just like Confucianism. Unlike Confucianism, the Daoists considered it pointless to waste time and energy on problems that defied solution. Instead of Confucian social activism, the Daoists devoted their energies to reflection and introspection, hoping to understand the natural principles that governed the world in order to live in harmony with them. Confucianism was most effective at leading China to success and therefore should be considered the most effective in ruling such a large complex society like China. Legalism is only effective during wartime, which a large society should hope to avoid in order to thrive. Daoism would make it fairly difficult to govern such a large society since it centers on introspection and reflection, not really allowing much room for societal advancement. 2. ) Compare and contrast the religions of Hinduism and Buddhism. What were the essential differences between the two? What hope did they give to the common people of India? Which was more conducive to political and social stability? Why? Evidence from both Buddhist and Hindu scriptures show that the two traditions were in dialogue with one another from a very early date. They shared similar religious terminology and practicing the art of yoga. Ancient India had two philosophical streams of religious thoughts: the Shramana and the Vedic. These two religions have shared paralleled beliefs and have existed side by side for thousands of years. Both Buddhism and Jainism are continuations of the Shramana belief while modern Hinduism is a continuation of the Vedic belief. The Buddha rejected various religions path to salvation. He teaches that to achieve salvation one does not have to accept the authority of the scriptures or the existence of God. The focus of the Noble Eightfold Path of Buddhists is not so much about worshipping a god or achieving heaven in the next life. The purpose of the holy life in the Buddha’s path is about liberation from the cycle of rebirth and experience awakening in this very life. Buddhist teachings discourage rites and rituals, while the Hindu hold them in high regard. The Buddhists rejected the caste discriminations of the Hindu religion. Both religions gave the Indian people hope that if they were better people, they would end up in a better place or as a better person. Hinduism was more conducive to political and social stability because it more definitively held one accountable for one’s actions in their life. . ) What were the main achievements and limitations of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire? What were the key turning points in Roman history? The main achievements of the Roman Empire, were a huge empire, an advanced bureaucratic system that managed taxes, public works, bridges and aqueducts. Also they had one of the most efficient, effective and brutal armys that the world has ever seen. The only major limitation over all, that helped cause Rome fall was the fact that usually Roman armys had more loyalty to their general than the state. This meant that constant civil war plagued Rome throughout much of its history, majorly weakening it in the end. Although part of Rome survived up until late in the Middle Ages, but it was called the Byzantine Empire. 4. ) Compare and contrast the decline and collapse of the Han and Roman empires. Are there common problems that always help to explain the collapse of powerful empires? Use examples from earlier empires to back up your arguments. One problem that both Empires had was lack of consistently good leadership. The later or eastern Han empire was well governed at first, in the first century CE, but after 106 CE there was a succession of weak boy emperors, exploited by unscrupulous officials. Rome seems to have been considerably more durable and resilient than the Han system, which collapsed for good in the third century. The Roman Empire was also very heavily beset at the time, with frequent usurpation and civil war, foreign invasion etc but remarkably recovered. This recovery owed much to the strong Illyrian emperors of the latter third century, but no such leadership seems to have stepped forth to the rescue of Han China.

Virgils Aeneid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Virgils Aeneid - Essay Example Believed to have been written circa 20 BC, this rhapsody illustrates the virtues of piety and duty on part of the hero. The grand scale and difficulty of the adventure of Aeneas provides several moments of examination of his virtuous qualities. In his mission to find the prophesied place where he is to build a new Troy, he is accompanied by his father, his baby son Iulus and a group of loyal companions. One could liken the sense of duty of Aeneus to that of Augustus. This is particularly true with respect to the filial piety shown by Aeneas, as illustrated by â€Å"his care for and deference towards his aged father Anchises.† (Whitehorne, 2005, p.1) The epitome of Aeneas’ sense of duty is the scene where he leaves the destroyed city of Troy by carrying his father on his back. After his father’s death, Aeneas will pray to the Gods to invoke divine honors for the deceased soul – an act reminiscent of Octavia appeasing the departed soul of his father Julius C aesar after the completion of the civil war. Aeneas’ sense of duty is also witnesses in his relationship toward his son Julus. For example, during the funeral games for Anchises, Aeneas leads the boys’ equestrian event in the first celebration of the Lusus Troiae, the Game of Troy. The death of his father is a crucial event in the moral development of Aeneas, whose sense of responsibility and resoluteness in accomplishing his objectives increases after the event. His sense of piety and duty thus undergoes a transformation for the good. For example, during the later half of the poem, we witness how Aeneas is brave and willing â€Å"to put duty before his own feelings, however great the cost personally as when he obeys the gods and leaves Dido† (Whitehorne, 2005, p.1). The view that Aeneid is a political poem is given credence by the details of his life and adventure. For example, Aeneid illustrates Aeneas’ ability as a politician and â€Å"a maker of alli ances as well as his personal valor (and vengeful ruthlessness) which we see come to the fore in the second half of the Aeneid. There is his foundation of cities and his scrupulous observance of religious rituals.† (Whitehorne, 2005, p1) Since in Ancient Rome, the message and moral content of classic literary works were respected by the ruling elite, the subject was used as a vehicle for politics and propaganda. For example, â€Å"The subject furnished political advantages. The legend unfolded in the Aeneid provided justification for Rome’s complex relationship with the Hellenic world, which involved military and political domination coupled with a certain cultural dependency. Representing Rome as a resurgence of a Troy destroyed by the Greeks gave the Roman conquest of Greece the coloring of legitimate revenge. Virgil did not miss the opportunity to put into the mouth of Jupiter, in a lengthy prophecy addressed to Venus, a proclamation that Rome would destroy the most renowned cities of Greece, which were responsible for the fall of Troy† (Brisson, 1989, p.22) Moreover, the view that the Aeneid has propagandist elements in it is learnt from how its author, Virgil, panders and praises Augustus, the then emperor of Rome. In his book Warrior Politics: Why Leadership Demands a Pagan Ethos, author Robert Kaplan criticizes Virgil for his assumed role as an Augustan panegyrist. But this characterization of the author and his work is contested as it overlooks centuries of critical comment on Virgil’s works, questioning his â€Å"role as a state-sponsored propagandist†. (Harper, 2008, p.117) To narrow down Virgil to a mere propagandist and to equate his work to hyperbole

Analyze what a country must consider regarding the major issues of Essay

Analyze what a country must consider regarding the major issues of monetary and exchange rate policies - Essay Example The exchange rate policy of a country on the other hand works in synergy with the monetary policy as a means of effectively administering a variety and broad range of economic issues and policies. In general, it had been expressed that the exchange rate is a factor that enable and provide the monetary policy a basis to update and maintain rules and guidelines for economic engagements in the national and international arena (International Monetary Fund, 2004). Upon the determination of the main coverage of the concepts of the monetary and exchange rate policy, the main objective of determining the main issues targeted by the said policies is at hand. It can be considered that the policies related to the monetary and exchange rates of the country vary according to the respective economic capacity and standing. For that it is important to determine the issues, factors and concepts that a nation needs in relation to the said policies. In terms of the monetary policy of a nation, there are different categories of factors that affect the concept. These factors include inflation, economic output and employment with the concern on the effects of demand and supply of different goods which are defined and covered by the fiscal policy of a nation. These factors are monitored by a central body commonly referred to as the central bank of the country (Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 2007). The different monetary frameworks deal with the different issues related to the enforcement of the monetary policies. One is the inflation targeting framework that is aimed to establish a clear communication of the possible inflation rates planned for a nation with accountability guidelines in terms of the central bank actions regarding inflation objectives. Another important issue is related to the interaction of the exchange rate policy to monetary policy by acting as an anchor and basis of the monetary rates.